Thyroid
Gland and Tissues
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio202/thyro/thyroid.htm
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Subject: Objectives
Chapter 9 Objectives
The Endocrine System and Hormone Function - An Overview (pp. 266-269)
Define hormone and target organ.
Describe how hormones bring about their effects in the body.
Explain how various endocrine glands are stimulated to release their hormonal products.
Define negative feedback and describe its role in regulating blood levels of the various hormones.
Describe the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands.
The Major Endocrine Organs (pp. 269-285)
On an appropriate diagram, identify the major endocrine glands and tissues.
List hormones produced by the endocrine glands and discuss their general functions.
Discuss ways in which hormones promote body homeostasis by giving examples of hormonal actions.
Describe the functional relationship between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Describe major pathologic consequences of hypersecretion and hyposecretion of the hormones considered in this chapter.
Other Hormone-Producing Tissues and Organs (p. 285)
Indicate the endocrine role of the kidneys, the stomach and intestine, the heart, and the placenta.
Developmental Aspects of the Endocrine System (pp. 285 and 288)
Describe the effect of aging on the endocrine system and body homeostasis.
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Subject: Outline Framework
Chapter 9 - The Endocrine System
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND HORMONE FUNCTION - AN OVERVIEW (pp. 266-269)
Chemistry of Hormones
Mechanisms of Hormone Action
Control of Hormone Release
Hormonal Stimuli
Humoral Stimuli
Neural Stimuli
THE MAJOR ENDOCRINE ORGANS (pp. 269-285)
Pituitary Gland (pp. 269-274)
Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary
Growth Hormone (GH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Thyrotropic Hormone (TH)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Gonadotropic Hormones
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Interstitial Cell-Stimulating Hormone (ICSH)
Pituitary-Hypothalamus Relationship
Hormones of the Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Thyroid Gland (pp. 274-276)
Thyroid Hormone
Calcitonin
Parathyroid Glands (pp. 276-277)
Adrenal Glands (pp. 277-280)
Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex
Mineralocorticoids
Glucocorticoids
Sex Hormones
Hormones of the Adrenal Medulla
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Pancreatic Islets (pp. 280-282)
Insulin
Glucagon
Pineal Gland (p. 282)
Thymus (p. 282)
Gonads (pp. 284-285)
Hormones of the Ovaries
Estrogens
Progesterone
Hormones of the Testes
Androgens
OTHER HORMONE-PRODUCING TISSUES AND ORGANS (p. 285)
Placenta (p. 285)
DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (p. 285-288)
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Document
Subject: Terms: Endocrine Sx (266~285)
The Endocrine System
pp. 266~285
hormones
prostaglandins
target cells
target organs
negative feedback mechanisms
ductless glands
pituitary gland
anterior pituitary gland
trophic hormones
growth hormones (GH)
prolactin (PRL)
adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
thyroid-stimulaing hormone (TSH) = thyrotropic hormone (TH)
gonadotrophic hormones
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
corpus luteum
interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
releasing hormones
inhibiting hormones
neurosecretory cells
posterior pituitary gland
oxygocin
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
vasopressin
thyroid gland
thyroid hormone
thyroxine (T4)
triiodothyronine (T3)
goiters
calcitonin
parathyroid glands
parathyroid hormone (PTH) = parathormone
adrenal glands
adrenal cortex
corticosteroids
mineralocorticoids
aldosterone
renin
glucocorticoids
cortisone
cortisol
sex hormones
androgens
estrogens
Cushing’s syndrome
adrenal medulla
epinephrine
norepinephrine
catecholamines
pancreas
pancreatic islets
glucagon
insulin
diabetes mellitus
alpha cells
pineal gland
melatonin
thymus
thymosin
gonads
ovaries
estrogens
estrone
estradiol
Graafian follicles
progesterone
corpus luteum
testes
androgens
testosterone
interstitial cells
placenta
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
hormones from other organs
prostaglandins
gastrin
intestinal gastrin
secretin
cholecystokinin
erythropoietin
active vitamin D3
atrial natrieutic peptide (ANP)
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Document
Subject: The Major Endocrine Glands
Adrenal Glands Divided into 2 regions; secrete hormones that influence the body’s metabolism, blood chemicals, and body characteristics, as well as influence the part of the nervous system that is involved in the response and defense against stress.
Hypothalamus Activates and controls the part of the nervous system that controls involuntary body functions, the hormonal system, and many body functions, such as regulating sleep and stimulating appetite.
Ovaries and Testicles Secrete hormones that influence female and male characteristics, respectively.
Pancreas Secretes a hormone (insulin) that controls the use of glucose by the body.
Parathyroid Glands Secrete a hormone that maintains the calcium level in the blood.
Pineal Body Involved with daily biological cycles.
Pituitary Gland Produces a number of different hormones that influence various other endocrine glands.
Thymus Gland Plays a role in the body’s immune system.
Thyroid Gland Produces hormones that stimulate body heat production, bone growth, and the body’s metabolism.
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Subject: Vocabulary Games and Drills
Quia! Site: flash cards, games, drills, and simulations to help you learn vocabulary terms, prefixes, suffixes, etc.
http://www.quia.com/med.html
There are 35 different games to help you practice terms
anatomic directions and body positions
blood and immunity
body cavities and body regions
body structure
cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
cells, tissues and organs
directional terms
disease
drugs
integmentary system
musculoskeletal system
respiration
suffixes and plural endings
urology
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Document
Subject: WebLinks
Anatomy and Physiology for High School
http://www.msms.doe.k12.ms.us/biology/anatomy/apmain.html
An Anatomy and Physiology site aimed at high school students. Click on the appropriate organ system for hyperlinked text and animations. This site is very easy to understand and use.
Anatomy and Physiology Home Page
An online class/tutorial on anatomy and physiology from Springfield Technical Community College
http://lls.stcc.mass.edu/tamarkin/APhome.htm
Scroll Down and click on the appropriate unit
Good text explantions and diagrams
General Biology II at the University of Cinncinnatti
The BUGLADY Site
http://buglady.clc.uc.edu/biology/bio105/carter.htm
Go to ClassNotes and then to the appropriate unit.
A simple and clear introduction to tissues and organ systems
Good diagrams!