Title: Organic Chemistry Model Building

Purpose:

To determine 3-dimensional structure of carbon compounds
To identify and distinguish among structural and geometric isomers and Enantiomers
To determine how functional groups affect shape

Materials:

Molecular model building kit

Black =	Carbon
White =	Hydrogen
Red =	Oxygen
Green =	Halogen
Orange =	Nitrogen
Yellow =	Sulfur

Procedure:

Part I: Hydrocarbons

1. Using figures 4.2, 4.4, and 4.6 (pp. 50~51 in text) build and draw the following structures

methane
ethane
ethene
propane
propene
n-butane
isobutane (2-methyl-propane)
1-butene
cis-2-butene
trans-2-butene
isobutene (2-methyl-1-propene)

n-pentene
cis-isomer of pentene (determine the correct name)
trans-isomer of pentene (determine the correct name)
cyclohexane
benzene
a substituted cyclohexane (determine the correct name)
a substituted benzene (determine the correct name)

2. Comment on similarities and differences and orientation in space of

alkanes and alkenes
cis- and trans- isomers
cyclohexane and benzene

Part II: Functional Groups

Using table 4.1 (page 54 of text) and figures 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.7, and 5.10, 5.15, 5.16 (pp. 60~69) and 5.27 (p. 78), build and draw the following structures

methanol
methanal
methanoic acid
ethanol
ethanal
ethanoic acid (acetic acid or hydrogen acetate)
1-propanol
2-propanol (isopropyl alcohol)
propanal
propanone (acetone)
propanoic acid

glyceraldehyde
glycerol
ribose
deoxyribose
glucose (straight chain)
fructose (straight chain)
glucose (ring, "-configuration)
glucose (ring, $-configuration)
fructose (ring)
sucrose (you need the "-configuration for glucose)
starch….3 glucose units
cellulose…..3 glucose units
a dipeptide of alanine and cysteine
a dipeptide of alanine and leucine

2. Number the carbons on the sugar drawings!

3. Comment on similarities and differences among

The methyl-derivatives
The ethyl-derivatives
The propyl-derivatives
Aldose and ketose sugars
Ribose and deoxyribose
Straight chain fructose and glucose
"- and $- configurations of glucose
glycosidic linkages in sucrose, starch, and celluose
ala-cys dipetide and ala-leu dipeptide

Results:

These will be your drawings

Discussion:

This will be your commentaries

Conclusion:

1 sentence about shape of molecules…try not to be vague!

Reflection:

Commentary on what you learned from this activity (everything you wanted to write in the conclusion but were unable to because you only had 1 sentence!