Chapter
Objectives
- List the characteristics
that distinguish fungi from organisms in other kingdoms
- Explain how fungi aquire
nutrients
- Explain how mon-motile
fungi seek new food sources and how they disperse
- Describe the basic body
plan of a fungus
- Distinguish between
septate and aseptate (coenocytic) fungi
- Describe some advantages
of the dikaryotic state
- Distinguish among fungi
and list some common examples of each
- Describe asexual and
sexual reproduction in Zygomycophyta, Ascomycophyta, and Basidiomycophyta
and the sexual structurrs that characterizes each group
- Explain the difference
between conidia and ascospores
- Expalin why ascomycetes
can be useful to geneticists studying genetic recombination
- Explain why the Dueteromycota
are called fungi imperfecta
- Describe the anatomy
of lichens and explain how they reproduce
- Provide evicence for
both sides of the debate on whether symbiosis in lichens is
parasitic or mutualistic
- Describe the ecological
importance of lichens
- Explain why fungi are
ecologically and commercially important
- Describe how the mutualistic
relationship in mycorrhizae is beneficial to both the fungus
and the plant and explain its importance to natural ecosystems
and agriculture
- Describe a scenario
for ungal phylogeny and list 2 possible ancesstors of Zygomycota
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Chapter
Terms:
absorption
hyphae
mycelium
sdepta
chitin
coenocytic
haustoria
plasmoogamy
karyogamy |
dikaryon
chytrids
zygote fungi
mycorrhizae
sac fungi
asci
ascocarp
conidia
basidium |
club fungus
basidiocarps
mold
imperfect fungi
yeast
lichen
soredia |
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Chapter
Outline Framework
- Introduction
ti Fungi
- Absorptive nutrition
enables fungi to live as decomposers and symbionts
- Extensive surface
area and rapid growth adapt fungi for absorptive nutrition
- Fungi reproduc by
releasing spores that are produced either sexually or
asexually
- Diversity of Fungi
- Division Chytridiomycota:
chytrids may provide clues about fungal origins
- Division Zygomycota:
zygote fungi form resistant dikaryotic structures during
sexual reproduction
- Division Ascomycota:
sac fungi produce sexual spores in saclike asci
- Division Basidiomycota:
club fungi have long-lived dikaryotic mycelia and a transient
diploid stage
- Molds, yeasts, lichens,
and mycorrhizae represent unique lifestyles that evolved
independently
- Ecological
Impacts of Fungi
- Ecosystems depend
on fungi as decomposers and symbionts
- Some fungi are pathogens
- Many animals, including
humans, eat fungi
- Phylogenetic
Relationships of Fungi
- Fungi and animals
probably evolved from a common protistan ancestor
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